The main environmental programme of the EU is LIFE. In general, LIFE is not especially aimed at cities as partners, but cities are also welcome to apply. The leading partner must come from an EU country. Actions eligible for LIFE funding concern the environment (innovative and demonstrative activities), nature conservation and third countries (technical assistance-related and demonstrative actions to promote sustainable development). The maximum rate of support varies between 50 - 100 %, depending on the nature of the project.
BALTIC SMALL PROJECT FACILITY
All programmes focusing on co-operation between local authorities are also eligible for environmental projects. However, the emphasis must be on co-operation between local governments and only a minor part can be in the form of investments. One such program is the Baltic Small Project Facility, which can be used for financing, e.g., environmental protection and improvement inclusive of pollution monitoring as well as for regeneration of urban areas, energy conservation and the use of alternative sources of energy.
PHARE, TACIS AND DG XIV
Generally speaking, the funding for projects in which cities and regions in the Baltic States and Poland are partners derives from Phare. Projects in which Russian cities may take part obtain funding from Tacis. The participation of EU cities is funded from Directorate-General XIV.
The programmes listed in the Table are often combinations of these sources. Since the general background and rules differ amongst Phare, Tacis and DG XIV, many of the programme rules are affected by compromise and the often difficult processes inside the Commission in putting the programmes together.
There are some fundamental differences between the programmes, depending on the source of financing. In programmes that are financed only from Phare or Tacis, the main beneficiary is a CEC (Central European Country) or NIS (New Independent State) partner. In projects financed by DG XIV, there must be a clear benefit for the EU partner as well. The stress is on co-operation rather than the aid seen in Phare or Tacis financed projects.
GENERAL GUIDELINES
Even if the criteria for the projects may differ from one programme to another, there are some general, common criteria that should be met. In general, emphasis is laid on co-operation and the exchange of experiences. Investments can only make up a minor part of the project budget. Furthermore, it is preferable that the project includes innovative actions - "something special" - to make it stand out from the huge number of similar applications. Another important aspect is the "bottom-up" perspective, meaning that the projects should be as concrete and practical as possible. Also, the dissemination of experiences and results is appreciated by the EU.
For more information, please contact UBC Project Manager Mr Juhan Janusson, tel: +46 480 83438, fax: +46 480 83233, e-mail: juhan.janusson@ubc.kalmar.se
Further information is also available at http://europa.eu.int/en/comm/dg11/opportun.htm, "DG XI, Funding opportunities for environmental projects".
